In the previous issue of nutriNews International magazine, readers could better understand the necessity and importance of methionine in poultry diets. Let’s recap its significance:
Promotes lipid mobilization to provide energy for growth and protein deposition, regulating nutrient metabolism.
Increases antioxidant capacity and immunity.
Participates in protein synthesis.
Serves as a precursor to cystine; thus, if methionine supplementation is adequate, additional cystine supplementation is unnecessary.
Supports skin and feather formation, explaining why poultry has high requirements for these amino acids.
Now, let’s discuss its role in the body’s antioxidant metabolism.
Methionine in the Antioxidant System
Stress control — which may result from management, nutrition, technology, environmental elements, or internal stress — is an inevitable challenge in poultry production.
Various stressors include:
Temperature – heat or cold
Humidity
Housing density
Immunization
Transport
Most of these stressors can induce acute stress responses, reducing production performance, health and impacting animal welfare. As well as hampering the quality and quantity of meat products in poultry flocks.
Some stressors may increase susceptibility to diseases, leading to reduced daily gains and poorer feed conversion rates. A common source of stress is the excessive generation of free radicals, causing oxidative stress at the molecular level.
Methionine residues can be used as endogenous antioxidants to help alleviate damage caused by excess reactive oxygen species.
Similarly, dietary methionine can upregulate mRNA expression of heat shock proteins in the intestine, protecting against intestinal mucosal damage in broiler chickens under heat stress. Thus, dietary methionine can help mitigate adverse reactions caused by high-temperature stress.
Methionine is a precursor of succinyl-CoA, homocysteine, cysteine, creatine, and carnitine. It is also a precursor for cellular methylation and cysteine synthesis, reducing the dietary requirement for cysteine.
It can combat oxidative stress as a precursor to antioxidants or by incorporating residues into proteins.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by various physiological and non-physiological events, including the Fenton reaction, cellular respiration, mitochondrial dysfunctions, pathologies, phagocytes, neutrophils, and stress.
Methionine plays an essential role in the immune system through its metabolites...
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